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I think this debate is pretty interesting, but ultimately futile because we're treating music as an abstraction, and music is not an abstraction, it's perhaps the most sensual and direct art we have. I learned years ago to judge music on the sound I hear and not on the process that the musician uses to create it. I totally respect Andre (The Man!)'s approach, and I'd love to hear it applied to his music, but there is a danger in abstracting an individual method into a rule for producing music. For example, Fripp is an exemplary looping guitarist, his self-discipline is admirable, his technique with looping devices is deep, etc, BUT, his last few Soundscape CD's have bored me to tears. Why? Because there's no passion, no fire, no grit, no funk, all I hear is theory and rules. Now, I'm not putting Fripp down, his music has meant a lot to me over the years, and there are some things he plays that still kick my ass, but I think he's got a tendency to over-theorize, and needs the feedback of some more instinctive musicians to really make interesting music. Anyway, I didn't mean this to be an anti-Fripp rant, I guess what I'm trying to say is that we have to judge the music on it's own merits. To use Andre's "Black Dog" example, in theory every guitarist will bring his own history, his own passion, whatever to the lick. In practice, I've heard too many musicians who are too content to play something safely, to not take risks, to be generic. I'd rather just hear Jimmy Page in all his sloppiness than someone slavishly reproducing the recorded lick. As far as sampling the lick, again it all depends on the creativity of the person doing the sampling. DJ Spooky or Hank Shocklee would probably take it into an entirely new direction. A lesser artist probably won't. I won't keep myself from appreciating the person who takes the creative path because of his method. I personally use real-time looping, sampling, midi looping, whatever it takes to make music that interests me and will hopefully engage listeners. I'm kind of an obsessive recordist/archivist, I ran a small studio for a few years and I still do occaisional concert recordings, editing jobs, whatever. One of the things that people who hire me have to accept, and anymore it's mostly just friends that I do recording with, is that whatever they record with me will be going into the sample mill, and who knows where I might re-use something of theirs. Actually, most people totally respect this, and are intrigued at the possiblility of what I might eventually do with their sound, there have been a few that aren't into it. I have a shelf of DATs of all kinds of music, classical recitals, punk bands, sound checks from recording sessions, interesting licks dubbed off the multitrack master when the band wasn't looking, whatever, and sometimes when I'm looking for inspiration, I'll pull down a tape at random and see what I can find. Because the musicians on these tapes are friends, there's a resonance I get from working with the music that I wouldn't get from pulling samples off of records, and I hope that this resonance carries through in the work. ________________________________________________________ Dave Trenkel : improv@peak.org : www.peak.org/~improv/ "...there will come a day when you won't have to use gasoline. You'd simply take a cassette and put it in your car, let it run. You'd have to have the proper type of music. Like you take two sticks, put 'em together, make fire. You take some notes and rub 'em together - dum, dum, dum, dum - fire, cosmic fire." -Sun Ra ________________________________________________________