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Cage is a special case, though I think he belongs with other modern "avant-garde" composers of the 50's. His work drew the same audience and pushed the boundaries of art music in the same way as the work of Xenakis, Stockhausen, Boulez, Ligeti, etc. He's special because he pushed past all reasonable rules of what could define a musical experience (i.e. the infamous 4'33). He's also a composer who is known more for his ideas than his music. Robert Morgan's _Twentieth Century Music_ does an excellent job of covering the evolution of classical music from post-romanticisim through atonality, serialism, and all the things that happened after WWII. Cage was a student of Schoenberg for a while, so there is a traceable heritage all the way back to Bach, even if most of his music does not reveal it. But then again, Webern doesn't sound like Bach either. Jim Dennis W. Leas wrote: > > After thinking about this a great deal (do I have too much time or >what?) I > conclude it all depends on what you mean by classical music. I consider > many of Cage's ideas to be the antithesis of classical music, such as >using > chance operations, incorporation of noise, minimizing the "intention" of >the > composer, etc. He spoke of his music as if it were an alternative to the > classical approach. To my ear, much of his music is the opposite of, >say, > Bach's Fugues. On the other hand, he studied composition and music >theory > and notated his compositions. > > It makes me wonder where looper music will be classified in fifty years.