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At 10:07 PM -0200 2/2/03, Matthias Grob wrote: >sometime some one comes up with examples of loops in the non music >world - usually to justify why what he is saying is not OT :-) Many traditional societies have a view of the temporal universe that is cyclic. The idea of progression through time is simply not part of those cultures. The Italian philosopher Giambattista Vico expounded on this in his "Sienza Nuova" ("New Science") in 1725. These notions were later influential on James Joyce, manifested particularly in "Finnegan's Wake." This book is an enormous loop; its opening passage is a continuation of its final passage. Looping patterns and processes are often found in the non-musical arts. Repeating patterns are most obvious in the visual arts, ranging from the trivial (wallpaper and fabric patterns) to the sublime (the transformations in M.C. Escher's art). Dance is close to music in its use of pattern and repetition. Literature, theater, and film also contain many examples, though those that spring to mind at the moment are films in which repetition is used as a framework for the exploration of alternative views of events. A few films I can think of in that connection are "Rashomon," "Run Lola Run," "Memento," and "Groundhog Day." -- ______________________________________________________________ Richard Zvonar, PhD (818) 788-2202 http://www.zvonar.com http://RZCybernetics.com